Hotels near Jack Edwards Airport (KJKA)

Microtel Gulf Shores

Year built - 1999, time zone - cst Adjoining Jack Edwards Airport. Conveniently located 3 miles North of Gulf of Mexico on Hwy. 59, and 5 miles South of Tanger Outler Mall in Foley Alabama.

Distances

Gulf Shores city 2.36KM, Pensacola Regional Airport airport 80.47KM

Methods of payment

Diners Club, Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Japan Credit Bureau (JCB Int`l)

Hotel equipment

WLAN with Internet access in lobby

Check-in times

Check-In: 15:00:00.000Z

Check-Out: 11:00:00.000Z

Courtyard Gulf Shores Craft Farms

Distances

Gulf Shores city 3.04KM, Mobile Regional Airport (MOB) airport 69.17KM

Methods of payment

Diners Club, Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Japan Credit Bureau (JCB Int`l), Travellers Cheques, Discover

Red Roof Inn Gulf Shores

At Red Roof Inn Gulf Shores- all rooms feature free Wi-Fi- a free expanded cable package featuring HBO- microwave- mini-refrigerator- hair dryer- iron- ironing board- in-room coffee and work desk. Enjoy a swim in our outdoor pool. We offer free parking; complimentary coffeehouse-style coffee and tea are offered in the lobby and one well-behaved family pet per room is welcome at Red Roof Inn Gulf Shores. Stay within minutes of the beautiful Gulf Shores beaches. Visit the animals at the Alabama Gulf Coast Zoo and spend an afternoon at Pirates Island Adventure Golf. Thrill on exciting water rides and splash in refreshing wave pools at Waterville USA water park or race around The Track- a high-speed go-kart track. Head to the Tanger Outlets to shop- or visit the Wharf or Pelican Place at Craft Farms for premier shopping and dining.

Distances

PNS airport 65.98KM

Methods of payment

Diners Club, Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Japan Credit Bureau (JCB Int`l)

Room equipment

Emergency information, Plan of emergency exits

Check-in times

Check-In: 15:00:00.000Z

Check-Out: 11:00:00.000Z

Motel 6 Gulf Shores

Motel 6 Gulf Shores - Enjoy the Gulf Shore Beaches, Marinas and Tanger Outlet Mall all within 10 miles. Dine at restaurants nearby. Amenities include a coin laundry and micro - fridges. Free Wi-Fi is available in all guest rooms. Located 1.5 miles from beautiful Gulf Shores beaches and only a short drive from Orange Beach. Quiet location, located just minutes away from the Tanger Outlet mall, amusement/waterparks, and many great restaraunts. High speed internet available. Guest laundry facilities on site. Pet friendly 50.00/pet 25lbs and under. Completely remodeled guest rooms w/kitchenettes and refrigerators. Weekly rates are available., No recreation onsite

Distances

Gulf Shores city 0KM, GUF-Jack Edwards Airport airport 70KM

Methods of payment

Diners Club, Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Japan Credit Bureau (JCB Int`l)

Check-in times

Check-In: 15:00:00.000Z

Check-Out: 11:00:00.000Z

Staybridge Suites GULF SHORES

A fitness room and an outdoor pool with a sun terrace make the Staybridge Suites Gulf Shores apartment hotel a popular place to stay. All rooms are tastefully furnished and offer fully equipped kitchenettes. Besides a cosy lounge, guests benefit from a free breakfast buffet and a laundry room. Hotel is located in Gulf Shores, AlabamaSituated just minutes from the beautiful white sand beach of the Gulf of Mexico, the Staybridge Suites Gulf Shores offers the utmost in comfort and convenience for your business trip or family vacation. Located on Highway 59 just 4.5 miles from the coast and just minutes from shopping and dining, the Staybridge Suites in Gulf Shores, AL is ideal for any travel itinerary.The all suite hotel offers a complimentary breakfast, onsite complimentary laundry facilities as well as complimentary Wi-Fi..TheStaybridge Suites is conveniently located to many area attractions including OWA Amusement Park, Waterville USA and the Track Recreation Center. In addition to all the complimentary items the hotel offers, the Staybridge Suites offers spacious accommodations with living rooms and fully equipped kitchens. So whether you are visiting for business or pleasure, you will be comfortable and convenient to everything.

Distances

Gulf Shores city 10.74KM, Mobile Regional Airport (MOB) airport 66.97KM

Methods of payment

Diners Club, Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Japan Credit Bureau (JCB Int`l)

Hotel equipment

Public Internet terminal

Room equipment

Desk, Hairdryer, Bathroom with bathtub

Holiday Inn Express & Suites GULF SHORES

Distances

Gulf Shores city 0.5KM, Mobile Regional Airport (MOB) airport 70.89KM

Methods of payment

Diners Club, Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Japan Credit Bureau (JCB Int`l)

Quality Inn Ft Morgan Road-Hwy 59

The well-being of guests is top of mind at Choice-branded hotels. Guests may experience a variety of new, improved cleanliness protocols and products. Get more value for your hard-earned money at the non-smoking Quality Inn Ft. Morgan Road-Hwy 59 hotel in Gulf Shores, AL. We are only about a mile away from the sugar white beaches of the Gulf of Mexico. Our Gulf Shores hotel makes it easy to enjoy activities like deep sea fishing, parasailing and dolphin cruises, as well as attractions like Fort Morgan, Adventure Island, The Wharf and Gulf Coast Zoo. Value-packed amenities include free continental breakfast, free WiFi, an indoor pool. Relax in your well-appointed guest room, and enjoy amenities like a microwave, refrigerator and cable TV. Earn rewards with every stay with our Choice Privileges Rewards program.

Distances

Gulf Shores city 1.02KM, Pensacola Regional Airport (PNS) airport 53.7KM

Methods of payment

Diners Club, Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Japan Credit Bureau (JCB Int`l)

Hotel equipment

WLAN with Internet access in lobby

SpringHill Suites Orange Beach at The Wharf

Distances

Orange Beach city 4.93KM, Pensacola Regional Airport (PNS) airport 47.25KM

Methods of payment

Diners Club, Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Japan Credit Bureau (JCB Int`l), Discover

Comfort Inn and Suites Gulf Shores East

The well-being of guests is top of mind at Choice-branded hotels. Guests may experience a variety of new, improved cleanliness protocols and products. Discover cozy accommodations, professional service and a beach side location at our pet friendly Comfort Inn and Suites Gulf Shores East Beach near Gulf State Park hotel in Gulf Shores, AL. Amenities include mini refrigerator, flat screen TV, desk, iron and ironing board, and balcony. Planning a vacation to Alabama Our Comfort Inn and Suites hotel is perfect for vacationing tourists and business travelers alike. Explore the many dining and shopping options surrounding our hotel. We are just minutes to the beach and easy access to popular local attractions like Alabama Gulf Coast Zoo, Waterville USA, Pirate Island Adventure Golf, Adventure Island and The Warf. Complete your plans for a beach side getaway by booking a room at our hotel in Gulf Shores, AL. You can also earn rewards, including

Distances

PNS-Pensacola Regional Airport airport 60.83KM

Methods of payment

Diners Club, Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Japan Credit Bureau (JCB Int`l)

Hotel equipment

WLAN with Internet access in lobby

Check-in times

Check-In: 15:00:00.000Z

Check-Out: 11:00:00.000Z

Best Western on the Beach

HOTEL FREQUENT GUEST PROGRAM - BEST WESTERN REWARDS BEST WESTERN REWARDS IS BEST WESTERN HOTELS & RESORTS FREQUENT GUEST PROGRAM. BEST WESTERN REWARDS IS A POINTS-FOR-LODGING-DOLLARS SPENT PROGRAM THAT REQUIRES NO MEMBERSHIP FEE. MEMBERS MUST HOLD A BEST WESTERN REWARDS CARD. BEST WESTERN REWARDS MEMBERS EARN TEN POINTS FOR EVERY DOLLAR SPENT ON QUALIFYING ROOM RATES AT MORE THAN 4,000 BEST WESTERNS WORLDWIDE. MEMBERSHIP IS FREE, JOIN AT ANYPROPERTY, BY VISITING OUR WEBSITE AT BESTWESTERNREWARDS.COM OR BY CALLING TOLL FREE: 1-800-237-8483. AIRLINE FREQUENT FLYER PROGRAM PARTICIPATION - AIR CANADA AEROPLAN / ALASKA MILEAGE PLAN / ALITALIA MILLEMIGLIA / AMERICAN AADVANTAGE / ASIANA AIRLINES BONUS CLUB / CHINA SOUTHERN SKY PEARL CLUB / UNITED MILEAGE PLUS / SOUTHWEST AIRLINES RAPID REWARDS THAI AIRWAYS ROYAL ORCHID PLUS ·From: I-65 I-65 to Exit 37. Off exit go South. This will become Hwy 59 South.. Stay stright do not take the Beach Express. Hwy 59 will dead end at beach,(Hwy 182) turn left and we will be about half mile on right. ·From: I-10 I-10 to Exit 44. Off Exit go south. This will be Hwy 59 South.. Stay stright do not take the Beach Express. Hwy 59 will dead end at the beach, (Hwy 182) turn left and we will be about half mile on right., Local Attractions:, Local Attractions:, Local Attractions:, Local Attractions:, Local Attractions:, Nearby Cities:, Nearby Cities:, Transportation:, Transportation:, Nearby Cities:, Nearby Cities:, Nearby Cities:, Transportation:, Transportation:, Transportation:, Nearby Cities:, Local Attractions:, Transportation:

Distances

Gulf Shores city 10.74KM, Mobile Regional Airport (MOB) airport 66.97KM

Methods of payment

Diners Club, Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Japan Credit Bureau (JCB Int`l)

Hotel equipment

Elevator

Hotel Indigo ORANGE BEACH - GULF SHORES

Distances

Orange Beach city 2.33KM, Amtrak trainStation 320.26KM

Methods of payment

Diners Club, Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Japan Credit Bureau (JCB Int`l)

Check-in times

Check-In: 16:00:00.000Z

Check-Out: 11:00:00.000Z

Holiday Inn Express & Suites FOLEY - N GULF SHORES

The Holiday Inn Express & Suites Foley features bright and modern equipped rooms. Soak up some sun at the beautifully designed and heated saltwater outdoor pool and relax in the whirlpool. Before holding a successful meeting in the well-equipped conference room, stock up on some energy over a good buffet breakfast in the morning. The Holiday Inn Express & Suites Foley is your haven on white sands. Come down South and spend a few days relaxing at our hotel along the Gulf Coast. The areas best shopping, Tanger Outlet Center is within a block from our front door. Our homey accommodations are located minutes from popular area attractions like the Foley Sports Tourism Complex, OWA Amusement Park and Gulf Shores beaches. Tucked away on the Gulf Coast shoreline, our hotel, which is located near Gulf Shores Beach and Orange Beach, is just ten miles away from the white sands of the Gulf of Mexico. There are also several nearby Gulf Coast attractions, including Waterville USA water park , The Track Recreation Center and the Gulf Adventure Center. Spend a day with the family sliding down water slides, or go racing on go-karts, which are also close to our hotel. You can take a day to go shopping at the Tanger Outlet Center, just around the corner from our front door. If you are in Foley for business, the Foley Civic Center, UTC Collins Aerospace and Vulcan Materials Company are a short distance from our hotel. If you’re in the area for sports, our hotel is located at the center of all three Sportsplexes, including the new Foley Sports Tourism Complex with only a 5 minute drive. Our Foley hotel offers free high-speed Internet access throughout the premises where you may connect in your room or while sitting next to our outdoor pool and whirlpool spa. Stay Smart at the Holiday Inn Express and Suites, Foley.

Distances

Foley city 5.06KM, Mobile Regional Airport (MOB) airport 64.92KM

Methods of payment

Diners Club, Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Japan Credit Bureau (JCB Int`l)

Hotel equipment

WLAN with Internet access in lobby

Room equipment

Desk, Hairdryer, Bathroom with bathtub

Holiday Inn Express ORANGE BEACH-ON THE BEACH

Relax at this inviting beach hotel after an eventful day and find your hotel room bright and comfortably furnished. Amenities such as a business centre as well as meeting facilities also draw business travellers. Do not miss a refreshing swim in the outdoor pools. Enjoy Your Orange Beach Oceanfront Hotel Stay Come enjoy our cozy Holiday Inn Express® Orange Beach - On the Beach hotel where every day feels like paradise. Our exceptional beachfront hotel provides views of the gulf from the comfort of your room. White sandy beaches, warm breezes, and pristine blue waters of the Gulf of Mexico are just outside our front door. Our convenient location off Perdido Beach Blvd puts you within driving distance of amazing dining and entertainment. Our Orange Beach, Alabama hotel is on the shores of the Gulf of Mexico - perfect for deep sea fishing, parasailing or wave running. There are countless activities to do during your stay at our Orange Beach hotel. A few things have changed due to COVID19. For your protection, and ours, we no longer offer daily housekeeping services. If you should need trash removed or linen replacement, please call the front desk. We are asking all guests to remain 6 ft. from others and limit the amount of people per elevator to 3 if they are not within your party. Lastly, we are placing our pool deck furniture strategically and are asking guests not to move them. We hope you have a fun and safe stay. See you soon!

Distances

Orange Beach city 3.61KM, Mobile Regional Airport (MOB) airport 77.41KM

Methods of payment

Diners Club, Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Japan Credit Bureau (JCB Int`l)

Room equipment

Desk, Hairdryer, Bathroom with bathtub

Sleep Inn on the Beach

Distances

Orange Beach city 4.1KM, PNS-Pensacola Regional Airport airport 51.5KM

Methods of payment

Diners Club, Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Japan Credit Bureau (JCB Int`l)

Fairfield Inn & Suites Orange Beach

The Fairfield Inn & Suites by Marriott Orange Beach is located across the street from the beautiful white sand beaches of the Gulf of Mexico. Whether traveling for business or pleasure our staff promises clean, comfortable guest rooms and friendly service Travel with confidence by checking into the Fairfield Inn & Suites by Marriott Orange Beach hotel with outstanding service to make all of your travels easy and comfortable – at an exceptional value. With a great location near the Gulf of Mexico, we are always ready to welcome you with amenities like thoughtfully designed guest rooms and suites that allow you to work and relax, free Wi-Fi throughout the hotel to stay connected during your stay, and fitness facilities that include a pool and exercise room. You’ll find it easy to settle into our vibrant lobby with spaces to gather, relax and work. Jump-start your day with our free breakfast, now with more hot choices including scrambled eggs, sausage and oatmeal, plus favorites including fresh fruit and yogurt. At the Fairfield Inn & Suites Orange Beach, you’re our #1 priority. We promise you’ll be satisfied or we’ll make it right. That’s our commitment to you. Ask about the Fairfield 100% Guarantee. The hotel is located in Alabama’s popular tourist resort of Orange Beach, only steps from the white sand beach stretching along the Gulf of Mexico. In the immediate vicinity, you can enjoy a number of leisure pursuits, including golf, tennis or dolphin cruises.

Distances

Orange Beach city 2.73KM, Mobile Regional Airport (MOB) airport 77.82KM

Methods of payment

Diners Club, Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Japan Credit Bureau (JCB Int`l), Travellers Cheques, Discover

Hotel equipment

Reception (lobby), Elevator

Room equipment

Desk, Hairdryer, Bathroom with bathtub, Bathroom with shower

Cornerstone Lodge of Foley

Distances

Foley city 4.26KM, Mobile Regional Airport (MOB) airport 63.03KM

Methods of payment

Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Discover

Best Western Premier The Tides

HOTEL FREQUENT GUEST PROGRAM - BEST WESTERN REWARDS BEST WESTERN REWARDS IS BEST WESTERN HOTELS & RESORTS FREQUENT GUEST PROGRAM. BEST WESTERN REWARDS IS A POINTS-FOR-LODGING-DOLLARS SPENT PROGRAM THAT REQUIRES NO MEMBERSHIP FEE. MEMBERS MUST HOLD A BEST WESTERN REWARDS CARD. BEST WESTERN REWARDS MEMBERS EARN TEN POINTS FOR EVERY DOLLAR SPENT ON QUALIFYING ROOM RATES AT MORE THAN 4,000 BEST WESTERNS WORLDWIDE. MEMBERSHIP IS FREE, JOIN AT ANYPROPERTY, BY VISITING OUR WEBSITE AT BESTWESTERNREWARDS.COM OR BY CALLING TOLL FREE: 1-800-237-8483. AIRLINE FREQUENT FLYER PROGRAM PARTICIPATION - AIR CANADA AEROPLAN / ALASKA MILEAGE PLAN / ALITALIA MILLEMIGLIA / AMERICAN AADVANTAGE / ASIANA AIRLINES BONUS CLUB / CHINA SOUTHERN SKY PEARL CLUB / UNITED MILEAGE PLUS / SOUTHWEST AIRLINES RAPID REWARDS THAI AIRWAYS ROYAL ORCHID PLUS

Distances

Orange Beach city 2.44KM

Methods of payment

Diners Club, Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Japan Credit Bureau (JCB Int`l)

Hotel equipment

Elevator

Check-in times

Check-In: 16:00:00.000Z

Check-Out: 11:00:00.000Z

Econo Lodge Inn and Suites Foley-North G

The well-being of guests is top of mind at Choice-branded hotels. Guests may experience a variety of new, improved cleanliness protocols and products. The Econo Lodge Inn and Suites Foley-North Gulf Shores hotel in Foley, AL near Gulf Shores Beach is an easy stop on the road. This pet-friendly hotel is near destinations like Orange Beach Golf Center, Golf Club of the Wharf, Orange Beach Arts Center, Alabama Gulf Coast Zoo and Fort Morgan Marina. Tanger Outlet Center and Waterville USA are also close. Enjoy amenities like free breakfast, free WiFi, guest laundry facilities, seasonal outdoor pool and a fitness center. Guest rooms feature a microwave, refrigerator, TV, desk and coffee maker. Also, earn rewards including free nights and gift cards with our Choice Privileges Rewards program.

Distances

Foley city 3.41KM

Methods of payment

Diners Club, Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Japan Credit Bureau (JCB Int`l)

Hotel equipment

WLAN with Internet access in lobby

Check-in times

Check-In: 16:00:00.000Z

Check-Out: 11:00:00.000Z

TownePlace Suites Foley at OWA

Expect a better travel experience at TownePlace Suites Foley at OWA. Our hotel features a setting just minutes from important destinations including Tanger Outlets Foley and Alabama Gulf Coast Zoo. Spend a day at The Park at OWA, home to a variety of amusement park rides and seasonal events. After a fun-filled day of roller coasters, retire to your suite where comfortable beds with lush linens and fluffy pillows await your arrival. Complete work from our large in-room desks with ergonomic chairs and connect to our free high-speed Wi-Fi. Our accommodations also include Smart TVs with access to streaming services including Netflix, Crackle, Hulu, Pandora and YouTube. In the morning, enjoy our free breakfast buffet boasting a selection consisting of hearty eggs, fresh fruit and savory sausages. Later, work out at our on-site fitness center or indoor pool. Whether on an extended stay or attending a tournament at Foley Sports Complex, TownePlace Suites Foley at OWA makes for the perfect home base. Located near the Park at OWA, this hotel provides easy access to an array of attractions in Foley, Alabama. Tanger Outlets Foley, Alabama Gulf Coast Zoo, Foley Sports Complex and Foley Civic Center are also located just minutes from the hotel.

Distances

Foley city 7.563KM, Pensacola International Airport airport 56.97KM

Methods of payment

Diners Club, Visa, Eurocard/MasterCard, American Express

Hotel equipment

Reception (lobby), Elevator

Room equipment

Desk, Hairdryer, Bathroom with bathtub, Bathroom with shower

Check-in times

Check-In: 16:00:00.000+01:00

Check-Out: 12:00:00.000+01:00

Quality Inn

Distances

Foley city 3.04KM

Methods of payment

Diners Club, Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Japan Credit Bureau (JCB Int`l)

Check-in times

Check-In: 15:00:00.000Z

Check-Out: 11:00:00.000Z

Super 8 by Wyndham Foley

Year built - 1993, time zone - cst Hwy 59, across from Tanger Outlet Shopping Center. -- Directions -- I-65 SOUTH, TAKE EXIT 37 ONTO HWY 59-S. I-10 WEST, TAKE EXIT 44 ONTO HWY 59-S. I-10 EAST, TAKE EXIT 44 ONTO HWY 59-S., Beach Of Gulf Shores, 5 Golf Courses Within, Gulf coast regional park, Naval Museum, tangers outlet mall, Woodlands

Distances

Foley city 3.04KM, Pensacola Regional Airport airport 54.72KM

Methods of payment

Diners Club, Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Japan Credit Bureau (JCB Int`l)

Hotel equipment

WLAN with Internet access in lobby

Check-in times

Check-In: 16:00:00.000Z

Check-Out: 11:00:00.000Z

Comfort Suites Foley - North Gulf Shores

The well-being of guests is top of mind at Choice-branded hotels. Guests may experience a variety of new, improved cleanliness protocols and products. Get more of the space you need to spread out, relax or work at the smoke-free Comfort Suites Foley-North Gulf Shores hotel in Foley, AL. Nearby activities and sites include the Alabama Gulf Coast Zoo, Waterville USA, Pirates Island Adventure Golf and the Tanger Outlets. Enjoy Grab n Go Breakfast, free WiFi, a fitness center and guest laundry facilities. Your spacious suite offers 25 percent more space than the traditional room and amenities like a flat-screen TV, fridge, microwave and recharge device. We also offer membership to the Choice Privileges Program, which gives members the opportunity to earn valuable rewards points toward airline miles, gift cards and free hotel room nights.

Distances

Foley city 2.95KM

Methods of payment

Diners Club, Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Japan Credit Bureau (JCB Int`l)

Hotel equipment

WLAN with Internet access in lobby

Check-in times

Check-In: 16:00:00.000Z

Check-Out: 11:00:00.000Z

Americas Best Value Inn & Suites Foley Gulf Shores

Distances

Foley city 2KM, airport 63KM

Methods of payment

Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Discover

Check-in times

Check-In: 16:00:00.000Z

Check-Out: 11:00:00.000Z

Rodeway Inn Foley

Enjoy a fresh-brewed cup of coffee in our relaxing lobby and unwind with friends. Stay connected and facetime with loved ones using our free high-speed Internet. Take advantage of exterior corridors and complimentary onsite parking, truck and bus parking available. We have a reception desk staffed 24 hours a day. Copy and print services are available at the front desk, including printing. You can also grab a late-night snack in one of the vending machines. Plus, enjoy an outdoor pool and complimentary breakfast. Guest rooms include flat-screen TVs, comfy bedding and microwaves and refrigerators. Book a guest room today. ·From: The north. The Best Western Riviera Inn is located 17 miles south of Interstate 10 on US Highway 59. ·From: The south. The Best Western Riviera Inn is located 8 miles north of Gulf Shores Beach on US Highway 59. ·From: The east. The Best Western Riviera Inn is located 30 miles east of Pensacola on US Highway 98. ·From: The west. The Best Western Riviera Inn is located 35 miles southwest of Mobile, 18 miles west on Interstate 10 at Exit 44, 17 miles south on US Highway 59., Local Attractions:, Local Attractions:, Local Attractions:, Local Attractions:, Local Attractions:, Corporated Locations:, Corporated Locations:, Corporated Locations:, Corporated Locations:, Corporated Locations:, Nearby Cities:, Nearby Cities:, Nearby Cities:, Nearby Cities:, Transportation:, Nearby Cities:, Transportation:, Transportation:, Nearby Cities:, Nearby Cities:, Recreation:, Local Attractions:, Corporated Locations:, Local Attractions:, Shopping:, Restaurants:, Transportation:, Transportation:

Distances

Foley city 1.85KM, Mobile Regional Airport (MOB) airport 63.23KM

Methods of payment

Diners Club, Visa, Eurocard/Mastercard, American Express, Japan Credit Bureau (JCB Int`l)

Hotel equipment

WLAN with Internet access in lobby